What is aerodynamic flutter?

Aerodynamic flutter is best defined as an undamped oscillation caused by aerodynamic imbalance. In aviation, this phenomenon typically occurs when the aerodynamic forces acting on an aircraft's structure create a feedback loop that can lead to oscillations.

When the airflow over the wings or other surfaces generates forces that are not in equilibrium, these forces can combine with the aircraft's natural frequencies, leading to rapid, self-sustaining oscillations. This is particularly concerning because it can result in structural failure if not controlled. The term "undamped" signifies that these oscillations do not decrease in amplitude over time; instead, they can grow stronger due to the continuous aerodynamic forces at play. This highlights the critical importance of understanding and mitigating flutter in aircraft design to ensure safety and structural integrity during flight.